tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-87794346104564547092024-02-08T05:09:04.999-08:00INQUIAMJoehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.comBlogger38125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-11827585825848305242017-10-27T11:45:00.003-07:002017-10-27T11:45:51.923-07:00Russell on vagueness<blockquote class="tr_bq">
All traditional logic habitually assumes that precise symbols are being employed. It is therefore not applicable to this terrestrial life, but only to an imagined celestial existence. </blockquote>
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Russell, 1923, Vagueness</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-75476267360935975072017-09-21T09:28:00.001-07:002017-09-21T09:28:40.107-07:00Grice on Austin on Moore<blockquote class="tr_bq">
I would begin by recalling that as a matter of historical fact Austin professed a strong admiration for G. E. Moore. “Some like Witters” he once said, “but Moore is my man.” [...] The question which now exercises me is why Moore’s stand on this matter should have specially aroused Austin’s respect, for what Moore said on this matter seems to me to be plainly inferior in quality, and indeed to be the kind of thing which Austin was more than capable of tearing to shreds had he encountered it in somebody else. [...] My explanation of part of Austin’s by no means wholly characteristic charity lies in my conjecture that Austin saw, or thought he saw, the right reply to these complaints and mistakenly assumed that Moore himself had also seen how to reply to them. [...] while Cook Wilson finds himself landed with bad answers, it seems to me that Moore has no answers at all, good or bad; and whether nonanswers are superior or inferior to bad answers seems to me a question hardly worth debating.</blockquote>
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Grice, 1989, <i>Studies in the Way of Words</i>, pp. 381-384</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-32528288105389293192017-09-14T21:28:00.002-07:002017-09-14T21:28:37.722-07:00Moore's 'so-and-so's<blockquote class="tr_bq">
‘It all depends on what you mean by “the earth” and “exists” and “years”: if you mean so and so, and so and so, and so and so, then I do; but if you mean so and so, and so and so, and so and so, or so and so, and so and so, and so and so, or so and so, and so and so, and so and so, then I don’t, or at least I think it is extremely doubtful’.</blockquote>
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Moore, 1925, A defense of common sense, p. 111</div>
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Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-3546450555207636482017-09-14T21:27:00.004-07:002017-09-14T21:27:37.088-07:00Russell on heroic remedies on philosophy<blockquote class="tr_bq">
As all these results were obtained, not by any heroic method, but by patient detailed reasoning, I began to think it probable that philosophy had erred in adopting heroic remedies for intellectual difficulties, and that solutions were to be found merely by greater care and accuracy. This view I had come to hold more and more strongly as time went on, and it has led me to doubt whether philosophy, as a study distinct from science and possessed of a method of its own, is anything more than an unfortunate legacy from theology.</blockquote>
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Russell, 2010, <i>The Philosophy of Logical Atomism</i>, p. 128</div>
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Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-72509677115977324652017-09-14T21:26:00.002-07:002017-09-14T21:26:39.624-07:00Russell's confidence on logicism<blockquote class="tr_bq">
But in spite of its [i.e. <i>Principia Mathematica</i>] shortcomings I think that no one who reads this book will dispute its main contention, namely, that from certain ideas and axioms of formal logic, by the help of the logic of relations, all pure mathematics can be deduced, without any new undefined idea or unproved propositions.</blockquote>
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Russell, 2010, <i>The Philosophy of Logical Atomism</i>, p. 128</div>
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Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-11394088542108547962017-09-14T21:25:00.001-07:002017-09-14T21:25:49.125-07:00Russell on the most important part of philosophy<blockquote class="tr_bq">
The most important part [of philosophy], to my mind, consists in criticizing and clarifying notions which are apt to be regarded as fundamental and accepted uncritically.</blockquote>
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Russell, 2010, <i>The Philosophy of Logical Atomism</i>, p. 148</div>
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Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-86813719243579145582017-09-14T21:24:00.001-07:002017-09-14T21:24:45.757-07:00Russell on logically perfect language<blockquote class="tr_bq">
A logically perfect language, if it could be constructed, would not only be intolerably prolix, but, as regards its vocabulary, would be very largely private to one speaker. That is to say, all the names that it would use would be private to that speaker and could not enter into the language of another speaker. </blockquote>
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Russell, 2010, <i>The Philosophy of Logical Atomism</i>, pp. 25-26</div>
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Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-4781795036846570222017-09-14T21:22:00.003-07:002017-09-14T21:22:26.737-07:00Russell on the length of doing philosophy<blockquote class="tr_bq">
That, of course, is especially likely in very abstract studies such as philosophical logic, because the subject-matter that you are supposed to be thinking of is so exceedingly difficult and elusive that any person who has ever tried to think about it knows you do not think about it except perhaps once in six months for half a minute. The rest of the time you think about the symbols, because they are tangible, but the thing you are supposed to be thinking about is fearfully difficult and one does not often manage to think about it. The really good philosopher is the one who does once in six months think about it for a minute. Bad philosophers never do. </blockquote>
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Russell, 2010, <i>The Philosophy of Logical Atomism</i>, pp. 10-11</div>
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Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-15767489941982145982017-09-14T21:20:00.000-07:002017-09-14T21:20:10.266-07:00Russell on philosophical method<blockquote class="tr_bq">
There is not any superfine brand of knowledge, obtainable by the philosopher, which can give us a standpoint from which to criticize the whole of the knowledge of daily life. The most that can be done is to examine and purify our common knowledge by an internal scrutiny, assuming the canons by which it has been obtained, and applying them with more care and with more precision. Philosophy cannot boast of having achieved such a degree of certainty that it can have authority to condemn the facts of experience and the laws of science. The philosophic scrutiny, therefore, though sceptic in regard to every detail, is not sceptical as regards the whole. That is to say, its criticism of details w only be based upon their relation to other details, not upon some external criterion which can be applied to all the details equally. </blockquote>
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Russell, 1914, <i>Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy</i>, pp. 73-74</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-13599439599401790042017-09-04T21:52:00.002-07:002017-09-04T21:52:17.926-07:00Russell on philosophy<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Considered in that way you may say that the whole of our problem belongs rather to science than to philosophy. I think perhaps that is true, but I believe the only difference between science and philosophy is, that science is what you more or less know and philosophy is what you do not know. Philosophy is that part of science which at present people choose to have opinions about, but which they have no knowledge about. Therefore every advance in knowledge robs philosophy of some problems which formerly it had, and if there is any truth, if there is any value in the kind of procedure of mathematical logic, it will follow that a number of problems which had belonged to philosophy will have ceased to belong to philosophy and will belong to science. And of course the moment they become soluble, they become to a large class of philosophical minds uninteresting, because to many of the people who like philosophy, the charm of it consists in the speculative freedom, in the fact that you can play with hypotheses. </blockquote>
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Russell, 2010, <i>The Philosophy of Logical Atomism</i>, p. 124</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-45362392926911048932017-09-03T02:32:00.002-07:002017-09-03T02:32:30.052-07:00Russell on ordinary language<blockquote class="tr_bq">
It is exceedingly difficult to make this point clear as long as one adheres to ordinary language, because ordinary language is rooted in a certain feeling about logic, a certain feeling that our primeval ancestors had, and as long as you keep to ordinary language you find it very difficult to get away from the bias which is imposed upon you by language.</blockquote>
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Russell, 2010, The Philosophy of Logical Atomism, p. 68.</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-32967513026964212032017-07-16T01:17:00.003-07:002017-07-16T01:22:13.804-07:00Quessertion<blockquote class="tr_bq">
My some times mischievous friend Richard Grandy once said, in connection with some other occasion on which I was talking, that to represent my remarks, it would be necessary to introduce a new form of speech act, or a new operator, which was to be called the operator of <i>quessertion</i>. It is to be read as “It is perhaps possible that someone might assert that ...”, and is to be symbolized “?⊢”; possibly it might even be iterable.</blockquote>
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Grice, “Meaning Revisited”</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-31519919225322611932017-04-22T05:39:00.000-07:002017-04-22T05:41:02.250-07:00Grice on Practical Use of Philosophy<blockquote class="tr_bq">
But I doubt if any of the other tasks which I would like to see the philosophers fulfill will be enough to satisfy some people who raise this objection. They want philosophy to be grand, to yield one important, nonempirical information which will help one to solve either the world's problems or one's personal problems, or both. To them I feel inclined to reply in the end: “You are crying for the moon; philosophy has never really fulfilled this task, though it may sometimes have appeared to do so (and the practical consequences of its appearing to do so have not always been very agreeable). It is no more sensible to complain that philosophy is no longer capable of solving practical problems than it is to complain that the study of the stars no longer enables one to predict the course of world events.”</blockquote>
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Paul Grice (1958) Postwar Oxford Philosophy</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-74790192385142167012017-04-22T05:38:00.004-07:002017-04-22T05:38:56.615-07:00Grice on Conceptual Analysis and Mystification<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Many of the great philosophers’ questions can be interpreted as requests for a conceptual analysis (not necessarily in full with the greatest precision). No doubt the great philosophers themselves did not recognize the possibility of this kind of interpretation (how could they have?), but the link between contemporary discussion and their work is sufficiently close to pro vide some justification for the continued use of the term “philosophy.” Moreover, it seems to me that many of the questions and puzzles raised by the great philosophers are capable of really clear and detailed and rigorous treatment after reinterpretation of this kind. If I have to choose between reinterpretation and continued mystification, I choose reinterpretation.</blockquote>
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Paul Grice (1958) Postwar Oxford Philosophy </div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-76805926236106617802017-04-15T03:19:00.002-07:002017-04-15T03:19:48.876-07:00Foot on why she wrote psychologism at the beggining<blockquote class="tr_bq">
I wrote it because I knew that I needed to attack that preconception in order to get so much as a hearing for the thought that there is no change in the meaning of 'good' between the word as it appears in ‘good roots’ and as it appears in ‘good dispositions of the human will’.</blockquote>
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Foot, 2001, Natural Goodness</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-77188380986283992532017-03-09T17:31:00.003-08:002017-03-09T17:31:33.344-08:00Schwartz on Features of Analytic Philosophy<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Analytic philosophers have always struggled with themselves and each other, their tradition, its origins and ideas. No feature of analytic philosophy has gone unchallenged by other analytic philosophers.</blockquote>
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Schwartz (2012) <i>A Brief History of Analytic Philosophy: From Russell to Rawls</i>, p.3</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-67530069772210687422017-03-09T17:27:00.003-08:002017-03-09T17:27:32.589-08:00Kuhn and Positivists<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Kuhn’s book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions was published as Volume II, No. 2 of the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science? This was a series of publications started by positivists. Many positivists and former members were on the editorial board. This irony reveals the extent to which they themselves were engaged in and sympathetic to overturning their own philosophical paradigm.</blockquote>
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Schwartz (2012) <i>A Brief History of Analytic Philosophy: From Russell to Rawls</i>, p.93</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-20765170127270349532017-02-21T18:52:00.002-08:002017-02-21T18:52:59.660-08:00Crane's Citation of Wittgenstein<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Wittgenstein is said to have asked his students why people used to think that the sun went around the earth. One replied: ‘because it looks as if the sun goes around the earth.’ To which Wittgenstein is said to have responded: ‘and how would it look if the earth went around the sun?’ The obvious answer—‘exactly the same!’—can be given to the analogous question about mind and brain: why did people use to think that the mind was not the brain? Because it seems as if the mind is not the brain? And how would it seem if the mind were the brain?</blockquote>
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Crane, 2001, <i>Elements of Mind</i>, p.67</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-44275245015082049712016-12-20T18:26:00.003-08:002016-12-20T18:26:51.546-08:00Frankfurt on Bullshit<blockquote class="tr_bq">
For the bullshitter, however, all these bets are off: he is neither on the side of the true nor on the side of the false. His eye is not on the facts at all, as the eyes of the honest man and of the liar are, except insofar as they may be pertinent to his interest in getting away with what he says. He does not care whether the things he says describe reality correctly. He just picks them out, or makes them up, to suit his purpose.</blockquote>
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Harry Frankfurt, <i>On Bullshuit</i></div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-28890577231420885782016-12-20T17:21:00.000-08:002016-12-20T17:21:53.745-08:00Frankfurt on Bullshit<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Her statement is grounded neither in a belief that it is true nor, as a lie must be, in a belief that it is not true. It is just this lack of connection to a concern with truth — this indifference to how things really are — that I regard as of the essence of bullshit.</blockquote>
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Harry Frankfurt, On Bullshit.</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-69332349470799014512016-10-22T15:30:00.002-07:002016-10-22T15:30:45.131-07:00John Austin on Excuses<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Here, surely, is just the sort of situation where people will say ‘almost anything’, because they are so flurried, or so anxious to get off. ‘It was a mistake,’ ‘It was an accident’ -- how readily these can appear indifferent, and even be used together. Yet, a story or two, and everybody will not merely agree that they are completely different, but even discover for himself what the difference is and what each means.*<br />
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*You have a donkey, so have I, and they graze in the same field. The day comes when I conceive a dislike for mine. I go to shoot it, draw a bead on it, fire: the brute falls in its tracks. I inspect the victim , and find to my horror that it is your donkey. I appear on your doorstep with the remains and say -- what? ‘I say, old sport, I’m awfully sorry, &c., I’ve shot your donkey by accident’? Or ‘by mistake’? Then again, I go to shoot my donkey as before, draw a bead on it, fire -- but as I do so the beasts move, and to my horror yours falls. Again the scene on the doorstep -- what do I say? ‘By mistake’? Or ‘by accident’?</blockquote>
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from “A Plea for Excuses,” in John Austin, <i>Philosophical Papers</i>, 1970. London: Oxford University Press: 184-185.Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-63206189120889845602016-09-14T19:10:00.001-07:002016-09-14T19:10:39.509-07:00Popper Quotes Mengers on Definition<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Definitions are dogmas; only the conclusions drawn from them can afford us any new insight.</blockquote>
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K. Mengers, <i>Dimensionstheorie</i>, 1928</div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-45644900769409535092016-09-04T11:54:00.002-07:002016-09-04T11:57:54.360-07:00Russell On Philosophy<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definite answers to its questions since no definite answers can, as a rule, be known to be true, but rather for the sake of the questions themselves; because these questions enlarge our conception of what is possible, enrich our intellectual imagination and diminish the dogmatic assurance which closes the mind against speculation; but above all because, through the greatness of the universe which philosophy contemplates, the mind also is rendered great, and becomes capable of that union with the universe which constitutes its highest good.</blockquote>
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Bertrand Russell, <i>The Problems of Philosophy</i></div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-38361874480810536862016-08-31T07:00:00.002-07:002016-09-04T11:57:44.688-07:00Haack On Old Deferentialists and New Cynics<blockquote class="tr_bq">
The Old Deferentialists, taking the rationality of science for granted, assumed that there must be a uniquely rational method of inquiry exclusive to the sciences; the New Cynics, noticing the failure of efforts to articulate what that uniquely rational method is, conclude that science is not a rational enterprise, in fact, that the whole idea of objectively better or worse conducted inquiry is ideological humbug. Neither the Old Deferentialism nor the New Cynicism will do: the former is too uncritically deferential to science, the latter is too uncritically critical. </blockquote>
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Susan Haack, Manifesto of a Passionate Moderate, p.3
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Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8779434610456454709.post-92032194323915615622016-08-21T13:43:00.001-07:002016-09-04T11:57:40.487-07:00Wittgenstein On Calculi Containing Contradictions<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Indeed, even at this stage I predict a time when there will be mathematical investigations of calculi containing contradictions, and people will actually be proud of having emancipated themselves even from consistency.</blockquote>
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Ludwig Wittgenstein, <i>Philosophical Remarks</i></div>
Joehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06360187733632945989noreply@blogger.com0